The invention belongs to the technical field of information query type anti-counterfeiting, and particularly relates to a flying ink anti-counterfeiting method and a printed matter. Technical measuressuch as increasing the nozzle voltage or raising the nozzle are adopted, so that the jet printing machine is in an abnormal working state of ink flying, and jet-printed codes are compelled to have some ink flying points; and microscopic characteristic information of the ink flying ink dots is acquired and correspondingly stored in an anti-counterfeiting inspection system database accessed to theInternet together with the coded information to serve as an anti-counterfeiting characteristic information file. The anti-counterfeiting label is easy to produce and manufacture, has the non-reproducible anti-counterfeiting technical effect, does not need to select a printing surface with the infiltration characteristic, does not need to arrange ink dots in a special area, and can save the area ofa printed matter.