The invention relates to a quick sucker replacement mechanism. The quick sucker replacement mechanism comprises a sucker base assembly and a sucker assembly, wherein the sucker assembly is installed on the sucker base assembly, the sucker base assembly comprises a fixed block, a linear bearing installation block installed on the fixed block and a connecting block connected to the linear bearing installation block, an air pipe joint is arranged on the side wall of the connecting block, the sucker assembly comprises a seal ring pressing plate fixed to the connecting block, a sucker cover plate installed on the seal ring pressing plate, a silica gel sealing block abutted with the sucker cover plate and a sucker installation block installed on the silica gel sealing block, and a large sucker and a small sucker are arranged on the sucker installation block. According to the quick sucker replacement mechanism, the suckers are separated from the air pipe joint, a seal ring device is additionally arranged in the middle, large and small pins are designed for proofing mistakes, the adsorption function of a magnet is used for quick replacement, the replacement speed is high, and one sucker assembly mechanism can be quickly replaced by pulling and sucking once.